Recommend
Official site Exodermin

Onychomicosis or nail fungus in an advanced stage.Signs, types, treatment methods

According to medical statistics, onychomycosis or fungal damage are a fairly common nail disease, often transforming into an advanced form.

Nail mushroom - What is it?

The onychomicosis is the fungal damage to the nail plate caused by various types of microorganisms, mainly Dermatophytic mushrooms.These pathogens can live and multiply in a favorable environment for them. The disease is contagious, for this reason, for its treatment, both dermatologists and specialists of infectious diseases are addressed.

Very often, the infection occurs in public bathrooms, saunas, swimming pools.The development of fungal injuries can also be caused by nail plaque injuries, the state of secondary immunodeficiency and disorders in antibiotics.

   In the early stages of the development of the disease, the following symptoms occur:

  • Barely evident spots and strips on the nail plate (1 degree of damage);
  • Shortish the skin and cracks on the fingers and in the interdigital areas;
  • The shine of the nail is lost;
  • The color of the nail plate changes;
  • The surface of the nail is deformed.

Usually people don't pay attention to these signs. In the absence of treatment, the development of the fungal lesion occurs in the advanced phase, when microorganisms are introduced into the nail plate and lead their vital activity already below it.At this stage It is difficult to get rid of the disease, since the nail becomes a sort of "shelter" of mushrooms from the effects of local drugs.

Causes of the advanced stadium of the Onychomicosis

The main reasons for the transition to the neglected form of the nail fungus are:

  • Non -effective drugs -explains the use of various anti -theft paints and creams scarcely active in the treatment of damage to fungal nails;
  • Premature treatment started;
  • car -mediation.

The fungal damage to the nail plates is not as safe as it sometimes seems. The active development of microorganisms can lead to their entry into the bloodstream and the fabric of the internal organsWhat affects the work of immunity.There is an increased risk of infection from viral and infectious diseases.

Also The impact of the disease is possible.This happens when the patient was not completely treated, he did not follow the doctor's recommendations in full, with the development of microorganisms for drugs and ignoring patients with preventive measures.

What is the danger of a neglected shape of the nail fungus?

The development of the nail fungus in a neglected shape leads to consequences such as:

  • reduction of immunity;
  • increase the risk of viral and infectious diseases;
  • the penetration of mushrooms in the blood and in the internal organs;
  • variety of dermatitis, eczema;
  • exacerbation of chronic diseases;
  • the risk of transition of the mushroom to the skin;
  • The development of allergic reactions to toxins is the occurrence of asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis.

By neurological disorders There are violations of the emotional background: The emergence of depression, neurosis, frequent irritability.

When you detect a nail fungus It is important to carry out adequate treatment This pathology, compliance with daily hygiene, as well as prevention for all family members, since the disease is very contagious.

The hygienic procedures for fungal lesions involve the use of Baths in nails with the addition of soda, vinegar, sea salt, potassium permanent, herbal decoctions.It is also important to often change socks, clean the legs and the area between the fingers after washing.

Types of mushrooms

The most common pathogens of onychomicosis are Dermatophytic mushrooms - about 86% of all cases.Much less often the disease can cause Mushroom of yeast and mold.You can observe the injury of the nail plate, whose source is immediately 2 or 3 types of pathogens.

The most common onomitosis is caused by these varieties of microorganisms:

  • dermatophytes;
  • molds;
  • yeast mushrooms.

Penetration into the nail It occurs more often through its lateral part, damaged joint of the skin and nail plate.These microorganisms are unable to face the body With reduced immunity. Dermatophytes cause a change in the structure of the nail by the formation of cavities and canals in it.

Damage to the nails can be caused e moldsBut rarely enough.When diagnosing the disease in this case It is possible to determine the pathogen, since the characteristic symptoms are generally absent.In this situation, it can only help Bacteriological analysis. Treatment of omicomicosis, caused by mold mushrooms differ from the treatment of damage to the nails by other microorganisms.

Between the yeast, the onychomycosis often causes mushrooms Candida.Within the standard, they are found on the skin and mucous membranes of each person. Provocative factor For the development of nail damage, also yeast mushrooms Weakening of immunity.Destruction of the nail following the activity of these microorganisms It comes from its base, next to the cuticle.

Signs of mushrooms in an advanced form

The following characteristics are characterized by the advanced form of the disease:

  1. Deform the nail plates with their thickening or thinning.The growth of the layer layer prevents the effect of a drug mushroom.
  2. Relaxing, destruction of nails plates.
  3. Change the color of the nail plates, which can be different: from grayish yellow to brown and black.This is due to the stratification of the nail, since mushrooms, dirt and dead skin stairs penetrate it.
  4. In the area between the fingers, the skin is red with signs of peeling, presence of itching and pain.
  5. More than two nails are interested.
  6. The release of the nail bed nail or its complete destruction.

Complications

Nail mushroom transition to a neglected shape Dangerous The fact that the active development of these microorganisms brings A large number of toxic products that produce.

As a result, serious somatic diseases can develop:

  • Toxicoderma;
  • toxic hepatopathy;
  • Layella syndrome.

Also The disease is dangerous for thosewhich in the absence of adequate treatment or improper therapy with progression, can lead to The complete destruction of the nail plate.

Skin injury With a fungal infection they are also Frequent complication: The red rashes appear on the body, the patient feels burning and itching, after a while, areas that secrete the transparent fluid form on the site of the rash.

Most Unwanted complication The spread of fungal infection is In the internal organs, since with this development of the disease the treatment will be serious and long.

Risk groups

The following groups of people are distinguished by the most inclined to the development of damage to fungal nails:

  1. Elderly people and advanced age.

Factors that cause the fungus of such people:

  • changes in the skin associated with age;
  • greater sweat;
  • the presence of concomitant diseases;
  • take drugs that weaken the body (antibiotics, corticosteroids);
  • hormonal violations;
  • Gastrointestinal disorders.
  1. Male faces, Especially military, athletes (Due to long -term long -term shoes, changing rooms, a common soul).
  2. People who have The family member suffers from fungal defeat legs.
  3. Residents of the city (From Reason to visit public places, such as swimming pools, bathrooms, saunas, gyms, manicure salons and pedicures with insufficient disinfection).

Variety of drugs

Mushroom treatment in an advanced form should be complete.After examining and conducting the necessary tests, the doctor prescribes the following types of drugs:

  • System action drugs - mushroom tablets taken inside;
  • Local preparations - ointments, paints and creams applied to the affected areas;
  • means for the general strengthening of the body and vitamins;
  • If you need - Removal of the nail plate (in particularly serious cases).

Description and methods of using drugs

A serious approach - The key to the successful treatment of the mushroom in an advanced form.Patients who regularly use drugs prescribed by the doctor without passing in use are the best results. With non -compliance with medical recommendations The mushroom can be purchased Drug resistance And you have to select new medicines, which will bring to Further difficulties.

General rules for the use of drugs:

  • paints, gel and ointments are applied only to the purified and the dry surface of the nail plate;
  • All drugs for external application Are used regularly: One or twice a day (accurate information can be read in the drug instructions);
  • before applying paint or ointment on the nail, It is necessary to save it as much as possible from damaged fabrics and nearby areas of the nail plate;
  • The use of the paint - 2 times in 7 days;
  • Do not use women and children in pregnancy Local drugs prohibited by the instructions are prohibited, tabletized drugs are prohibited for such patients;
  • apply Local drugs on nails should be regularly throughout the year or longer;
  • Take the tablets only as prescribed by a doctor;
  • The frequency of the application tablet - one or more times a day for about 7 days, Then follows stop for a period of about 3 weeks (depending on the drug);
  • during treatment You can't drink alcohol;
  • Sometimes parallel use is required drugsReduce harmful Impact on the liver.

Types of tasty removal for nails

Removal of the plate for nail concerned It is performed if the pharmacological treatment does not bring results.This procedure is necessary so that there is the opportunity to grow a new healthy nail.

The standard method for removing the interested nail plate is Surgery Using anesthesia to avoid pain.In the process, both the entire nail and only its part, subject to the mushroom, can be removed.

If you wish Remove the nail without a useless discomfort You can opt for Hardware pedicure.This method is performed in sterile conditions of a medical institution.It is inside Layout of the Cantchia interested With the help of various nozzles and cutters of the device.The procedure is absolutely performed painless With preliminary softening of the nail plate with special solutions.After removing the affected areas, ointment and the bandage are applied to the treated area, fixed with a patch.

The nail plate can also be removed Chemical method - on the interested place it is superimposed Chetolic patch And not removed within 2-3 days.During this period, the layer of the nail plate layer is dissolved.

With a small area of fungal damage, it is possible House removal method.It will be requested first steam the nail And if necessary, use special paints to soften its surface.Then Use of accessories for pedicure The interested party is removed. The method is not suitable for complete removal nail plate.

Removal of the nail with a laser

Laser removal - the most commonly used method in the treatment Fungus in execution nail.TO The advantages of the procedure are its slipping And the ability to eliminate the focus of the infection at any depth.

The advantages of this method are also:

  • Safety and accuracy of the method - the laser removes only the affected areas without falling on nearby fabrics and Disinfect the wound in the nail bed area to eliminate the risk of infection;
  • Lack of pain, Since the method refers to minimally invasive;
  • The short duration of the procedure - the removal of a nail lasts only a few minutes;
  • High efficiency;
  • The relatively low cost of the procedure is his accessibility.

Contraindications To conduct the laser removal of the nail is the presence Diabetes Mellito decompected, malignant tumors, inflammatory processes and viral infections In the body.It is not possible to perform the procedure and with pregnancy.

The day before removing the laser, the legs should be cooked steamed.After the bath with soda and soap for the home, it should archive and cut the surface of the nail as much as possible.

When you lead the laser removal of the nail in a place hit by the mushroom, the heat is felt.For a complete care of a neglected shape, about 10 procedures will be needed.

The disadvantages of the removal of the nail

Often, after removing the nail plate, unwanted consequences occur:

  • The cultivation of a new nail In the nail bed - a kind of "side effect";
  • possible Wound infection after surgical removal (To avoid it, you should change the bandage over time and use various ointments with antimicrobial effects);
  • possible Deformation of the new nail plate.

In the case of a nail and infection of the wound, it is necessary to look for medical assistance.

Nail fungus during pregnancy

The main factors that cause onychomycosis during pregnancy:

  • Lack of trace elements - potassium, magnesium, phosphorus and others;
  • weakening of the body's immune forces;
  • increase in sweating;
  • Blood circulation compromised at the feet;
  • diabetes.

For the fetus, the danger lies in the possible manifestation of the disease at birth, as well as its transition to a chronic form.

Characteristics of the mushroom treatment during pregnancy

The difficulty of the treatment Onychomycosis during pregnancy It consists in the ban on most modern drugs. This measure is necessary to avoid damage to the fetus, since these medicines are toxic.It is better to get rid of the mushroom after childbirth.

In case of danger of fungal lesions, sometimes a special symptomatic treatment for the fetus is prescribed.Very often, it consists of folk methods that can be easily performed at home.

The car -mediation during pregnancy is not allowed - Only an expert doctor should fill in a therapy scheme.

A common treatment for the treatment of mushrooms during pregnancy:

  • Softening of the areas concerned by applying the oil jelly on them before going to bed, the picture is left until the morning;
  • In the morning they take a hot bath with the addition of soap for laundry and soda;
  • Jump on the interested part of the nail and keratinized skin;
  • Apply local drugs prescribed by the doctor.

The course of the treatment of nails mushrooms during pregnancy must not exceed 30 days.

Hydrogen peroxide against the mushroom

Hydrogen peroxide for onychomycosis is used in complex therapy to disinfect the affected area and destroy microbes, The substance is unable to kill the mushroom.This liquid is also useful to treat the damaged area.

The advantage of peroxide is that it can be used by pregnant women.

This tool is used as follows:

  • Take a bath with hot water and the addition of copper sulphate for the damaged nail plates damaged;
  • Clean the dry skin;
  • Peroxide is abundantly moistened with a cotton pad and applied on the wounded nail, then fixed with a bandage;
  • After 40 minutes, the picture is removed, a softened keratinized layer is scraped by the illuminated nails and the local antifungal drug prescribed by the doctor is applied.

These procedures are performed 2 times a day: in the morning and before bedtime.

Hydrogen peroxide can be used in another way.You will need 2 liters of water and 100 ml of hydrogen peroxide.The liquids are mixed and the feet are immersed in the resulting solution for half an hour.Then the legs are dry, the affected areas are cut, a therapeutic ointment is applied.

Nail mushroom in children

The onychomycosis in children often occurs due to the fulfillment of immunity. Another stimulating factor is the insufficient thickness of the skin, which is why the risk of infection with a mushroom in childhood increases considerably.

In the treatment of the nail fungus Children use local drugs: ointments, creams.1 or 2 times a day are used, the amount of use depends on the degree of damage.The details of these medicines are that they do not penetrate the blood and They don't hurt the child's body.

As system drugs, the doctor may prescribe drugs in the form of capsules, tablets, syrups.The purpose of intramuscular or intravenous injections is also possible.The treatment can be outpatient and stationary.

System preparations have a negative effect on the kidneys and the liver of the childTherefore, they are prescribed in an extremely rarely when local drugs are ineffective.

Home remedies

In the treatment of an advanced form, the mushroom can be The following popular recipes are effective.Some of them:

  • Domestic ointment: You will need 200 g of butter, a raw hen egg together with a shell, 100 g of acetic acid (70%).The first two ingredients are mixed, the third is poured without mixing, covered with a lid, placed in the refrigerator for 7 days.After the egg shell has been dissolved, the product is completely mixed. Keep refrigerated.
  • The roots of the Calamus (15 g) are paid 250 ml of boiling water, the infusion has aged for half an hour under a thick lid. Drink Medicine 60 ml 4 times a day. You can use the bathrooms with the Calamus.In 250 ml of boiling water, asleep 30 g of raw materials, let it prepare for half an hour.In the resulting liquid 15 minutes, keep the nail plates affected by the mushroom. After 7 procedures, they will crumble. With a parallel treatment, the ointments against the mushroom for 1.5 months are possible to get rid of the disease.
  • Take the 3 cigarette ash, mix it from 0.5 teaspoons.Toothpaste with fluorine. Impatient With this remedy for the night, the next morning to wash.
  • Propolis tincture: The joints of the golden mustache system (50 pieces) pour 500 ml of vodka, insist 14 days.For the treatment, take 3 parts of water and 1 part of the tincture of the golden mustache, mix and apply to the nails interested 2 times a day.
  • 15 g of curtains are mixed, 30 g of lilac flowers, 45 g of chopped oak cortex.The dry mixture is poured with 500 ml of water, boiled for an hour. The compositions with this infusion are applied to plates for damaged nails, Fixed with bandages.The treatment continues up to a complete recovery.

All folk treatment methods should only be used after consulting a specialist after their approval.

Prevention measures

In order to avoid the re -infection with a mushroom, the following recommendations must be followed:

  • carefully observe the rules of personal hygiene;
  • Perform the daily disinfection of shoes with the help of special UV dryers to destroy the mushroom in it;
  • Do not walk barefoot in public places (bathrooms, saunas or swimming pools), after visiting and water procedures, use antifungal ointments and creams;
  • Don't wear someone else's shoes and stockings.

A global approach to treatment, as well as compliance with the above rules will contribute to the rapid care and prevention of nail mushrooms.